[Experience in the use of confocal laser endomicroscopy for the diagnosis of bladder papillary tumors].

Introduction: Visual confirmation of suspicious changes in the urinary tract mucosa is the cornerstone in the diagnosis of urothelial cancer. However, with bladder tumors, it is impossible to obtain histopathological data during cystoscopy both in white light and in photodynamic and narrow-spectrum modes, as well as with computerized chromoendoscopy. Confocal laser endomicroscopy (probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy - pCLE) is an optical imaging technique that provides high-resolution in vivo imaging and real-time evaluation of urothelial lesions.

[Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of a new generation of thulium fiber lasers for ureteroscopy and lithotripsy].

Introduction: The development and implementation in clinical practice of a 3rd generation thulium fiber laser with the possibility of computer control (modulation) of the shape, amplitude and pulse repetition rate opens up new possibilities for thulium fiber laser lithotripsy.

Aim: To carry out a comparative study of the efficacy and safety of thulium fiber laser lithotripsy using a of the 2nd (FiberLase U3) and 3rd generation devices (FiberLase U-MAX).

Materials And Methods: A total of 218 patients with solitary ureteral stones, who underwent to ureteroscopy with lithotripsy using 2nd and 3rd generation thulium fiber lasers (IRE-Polus, Russia) from January 2020 to May 2022 with the same peak power (500 W), laser settings of 1 joule, 10 Hz and with a laser fiber diameter of 365 m, were included in the prospective study.

[Percutaneous nephrolithotomy in a patient after liver transplantation].

The work is devoted to the description of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in a patient who previously underwent liver transplantation. In case of immunodeficiency of any etiology, one-stage non-severe kidney injury is less dangerous compared to infectious and inflammatory complications, which naturally have more severe course compared to in those with intact immune system. Based on these considerations, the patient underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy, which allowed to remove the stone of 2.

[Complications of retrograde intrarenal sugery in patients with low pole kidney stones].

A lot of patients with nephrolithiasis have calculi at low pole calyces. One of the best and safety operative options of such category is retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). RIRS is wide spread in current clinical practice.

[Current approach to management of staghorn nephrolithiasis. Literature review. Part 2].

Data on predictors and methods for resolving the complications of surgical treatment of staghorn nephrolithiasis are presented. New information on the features of the morphological and functional state and individual platelet reactivity in patients undergoing surgical treatment is described. Thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications, intra- and postoperative bleeding, as well as prediction of PNL results in patients with staghorn stones are also discussed.