Cytogenetic and molecular identification of novel wheat- addition lines with resistance to leaf rust and the presence of leaf pubescence trait.

Introduction: Emerging new races of leaf rust ( Eriks) are threatening global wheat ( L.) production. Identifying additional resistance genes from all available gene pools is crucial to expanding wheat resistance to these virulent leaf rust races.

Parasite and genetic diversity of big-scale sand smelt (Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810) populations in their natural and expansion ranges in Ukraine.

The big-scale sand smelt (Atherina boyeri) is an Atlanto-Mediterranean amphidromous fish species found within the Black Sea. Here, we assess differences in the parasite fauna of big-scale sand smelt populations from their natural range in the northwestern Black Sea and from their expansion range in the Lower and Middle River Dnipro. In addition, we undertook a microsatellite analysis to assess the genetic similarity of fish from the different locations.

Heteroalleles in Common Wheat: Multiple Differences between Allelic Variants of the Locus.

The -encoded γ-gliadins and non-coding γ-gliadin DNA sequences for 15 different alleles of common wheat have been compared using seven tests: electrophoretic mobility (EM) and molecular weight (MW) of the encoded major γ-gliadin, restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns (RFLPs) (three different markers), -γ-gliadin-pseudogene known SNP markers (Single nucleotide polymorphisms) and sequencing the pseudogene . It was discovered that encoded γ-gliadins, with contrasting EM, had similar MWs. However, seven allelic variants (designated from I to VII) differed among them in the other six tests: I (alleles , , , ), II (, , ), III (), IV (, , ), V (), VI () and VII ().

Toxic effect and genotoxicity of carvacrol ethers in Drosophila melanogaster.

The present study investigated the effect of four carvacrol ethers (propyl-, butyl, octyl- and benzyl) on the viability, level of dominant lethal mutations of Drosophila melanogaster and their influence on the multiplication of the nuclear genome in salivary gland cells. The fertility and viability of fruit flies were assessed after oral administration (0.05 % to culture medium) and inhalation exposure (5 mg per 1 cm of polyvinyl alcohol film) of compounds 1‒4 and initial carvacrol.

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The degree of dominance and the coefficient of heritability have been investigated as indicators of the allelic interaction at loci Rht8 and Rht-B1, which is characterized by the partial, complete or over dominance of greater plant height and by the low or medium heritability. Alleles with a weaker or without direct negative effect dominate under alleles reducing the plant height stronger. The impact of weather conditions on a change of the dominance is discussed.