Composition of Triterpene Glycosides of the Far Eastern Sea Cucumber Levin et Stepanov; Structure Elucidation of Five Minor Conicospermiumosides A-1, A-2, A-3, A-1, and A-2; Cytotoxicity of the Glycosides Against Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines; Structure-Activity Relationships.

Five new non-holostane di- and trisulfated triterpene pentaosides, conicospermiumosides A-1 (), A-2 (), A-3 (), A-1 (), and A-2 () were isolated from the Far Eastern sea cucumber Levin et Stepanov (Cucumariidae, Dendrochirotida). Twelve known glycosides found earlier in other species were also obtained and identified. The structures of new compounds were established on the basis of extensive analysis of the 1D and 2D NMR spectra, as well as by the HR-ESI-MS data.

Mechanisms of Action of Sea Cucumber Triterpene Glycosides Cucumarioside A-1 and Djakonovioside A Against Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer in women worldwide. Triple-negative breast cancer is the most unfavorable for patients, but it is also the most sensitive to chemotherapy. Triterpene glycosides from sea cucumbers possess a high therapeutic potential as anticancer agents.

The Composition of Triterpene Glycosides in the Sea Cucumber : Anticancer Activity of the Glycosides against Three Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR).

Eight sulfated triterpene glycosides, peronioside A () and psolusosides A (), B (), G (), I (), L (), N () and P (), were isolated from the sea cucumber . Peronioside A () is a new glycoside, while compounds - were found previously in , indicating the phylogenetic and systematic closeness of these species of sea cucumbers. The activity of - against human erythrocytes and their cytotoxicity against the breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, T-47D and triple-negative MDA-MB-231 were tested.

Anticancer Activity of the Marine Triterpene Glycoside Cucumarioside A-2 in Human Prostate Cancer Cells.

Despite recent advances in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), treatment is inevitably hampered by the development of drug resistance. Thus, new drugs are urgently needed. We investigated the efficacy, toxicity, and mechanism of action of the marine triterpene glycoside cucumarioside A-2 (CA-2) using an in vitro CRPC model.

Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfates with Rare Disaccharide Branches from the Sea Cucumbers and : Structures and Influence on Hematopoiesis.

Two fucosylated chondroitin sulfates were isolated from the sea cucumbers and using a conventional extraction procedure in the presence of papain, followed by anion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel. Their composition was characterized in terms of quantitative monosaccharide and sulfate content, and structures were mainly elucidated using 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. As revealed by the data of the NMR spectra, both polysaccharides along with the usual fucosyl branches contained rare disaccharide branches α-D-GalNAc46-(1→2)-α-L-Fuc34 → attached to -3 of the GlcA of the backbone ( = H or SO).