[Congenital testicular torsion: a true emergency?].

In the following article the description of four cases of congenital testicular testis, which attend to be under our observation, is reported. Moreover, the diagnostic process is discussed, with particular reference to echography. Afterwards, the method for early surgical exploration is evaluated.

[Differential diagnosis of pathological and pseudo-pathological shoulder. Clinico-ultrasonographic findings].

Clinical examination for rotator cuff tears is rarely conclusive and very difficult is the differential diagnosis with lesions of the axillary nerve. In a little hospital we chose to use first non invasive and cheaper tools for this diagnosis. 24 patients were first evaluated by a physiatric MD, and radiological and ultrasound studies were then performed.

[Usefulness of ultrasonographic monitoring in muscle trauma for rehabilitation therapy].

The authors studied the usefulness of Ultrasound imaging in the follow-up of post-traumatic muscle lesions, to allow correct rehabilitation therapy. Ultrasound (U.) made using high frequency probe (7.

[Occult aneurysms of the abdominal aorta. Our echographic experience].

The authors report their experience in evaluating abdominal aorta aneurysms (AAA) by ultrasound examination. The incidence of this kind of disease is growing up in the last years and an earlier diagnosis increases the surviving possibilities of the patient affected, above all if symptomless, leading to a correct treatment: a semestral or annual follow-up of the aneurysms with a diameter smaller than 5 cm and surgery of the aneurysms with a diameter wider than 5 cm, because of high risk of rupture. The authors stress the importance of extending abdominal ultrasound examination to the aorta in all patients over 50 year old especially if affected by vascular diseases, hypertension and diabetes.

[CT in the follow-up of rectal neoplasms].

CT-scans were performed in the follow-up of 124 patients surgically treated for rectal carcinoma. CT allowed direct visualization of possible local recurrences and infiltration of neighbouring structures chiefly muscles and bones; it can also prove post surgical abscesses, metastatic spreads to lymph nodes and other structures such as liver, lung and bones; many of these lesions cannot so quickly and safely be demonstrated by other investigations. CT is also very helpful in radiation therapy planning.