Co-Inference of Data Mislabelings Reveals Improved Models in Genomics and Breast Cancer Diagnostics.

Mislabeling of cases as well as controls in case-control studies is a frequent source of strong bias in prognostic and diagnostic tests and algorithms. Common data processing methods available to the researchers in the biomedical community do not allow for consistent and robust treatment of labeled data in the situations where both, the case and the control groups, contain a non-negligible proportion of mislabeled data instances. This is an especially prominent issue in studies regarding late-onset conditions, where individuals who may convert to cases may populate the control group, and for screening studies that often have high false-positive/-negative rates.

Reliability of genomic variants across different next-generation sequencing platforms and bioinformatic processing pipelines.

Background: Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is the fundament of various studies, providing insights into questions from biology and medicine. Nevertheless, integrating data from different experimental backgrounds can introduce strong biases. In order to methodically investigate the magnitude of systematic errors in single nucleotide variant calls, we performed a cross-sectional observational study on a genomic cohort of 99 subjects each sequenced via (i) Illumina HiSeq X, (ii) Illumina HiSeq, and (iii) Complete Genomics and processed with the respective bioinformatic pipeline.

Development of an in Vivo Lipopolysaccharide Inflammation Model to Study the Pharmacodynamics of COX-2 Inhibitors Celecoxib, Mavacoxib, and Meloxicam in Cockatiels ().

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used frequently in avian medicine for their antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties during surgery and for diseases that cause tissue damage and inflammation. NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are responsible for the induction of pyresis, pain, and inflammation. In our study, a lipopolysaccharide-induced (LPS) pyresis model was optimized using cockatiels () as subject birds (four males/three females) and validated in two females and one male, characterized by an intravenous bolus injection of LPS (7.

Biomechanical properties of celiotomy wounds closed with tape and cyanoacrylate versus intradermal sutures.

Objective: To compare cutaneous wound closure with mesh and 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (MOC) vs an intradermal suture pattern (ISP) in terms of time of application and biomechanical properties.

Sample Population: Experimental study with 12 female beagle dogs.

Methods: A skin incision was created from the xiphoid to the pubis as part of an ovariohysterectomy; the linea alba and subcutaneous tissue were closed routinely.

The Ontogeny of Cytochrome P450 Enzyme Activity and Protein Abundance in Conventional Pigs in Support of Preclinical Pediatric Drug Research.

Since the implementation of several legislations to improve pediatric drug research, more pediatric clinical trials are being performed. In order to optimize these pediatric trials, adequate preclinical data are necessary, which are usually obtained by juvenile animal models. The growing piglet has been increasingly suggested as a potential animal model due to a high degree of anatomical and physiological similarities with humans.