[Hypertension in patients on hemodialysis: the role of salt intake].

In the 1960s, about 10% of hemodialysis (HD) patients had hypertension; the current percentage of hypertensive patients has risen to 70-75%. The scarce implementation of low-salt diets and the increment of dialysate sodium concentration aimed at ameliorating treatment tolerability are the main causes of the currently poor hypertension control. Considerable sodium intake activates a vicious circle: an increase in serum osmolarity, greater thirst and greater water intake, high inter-dialytic weight gains, need for large ultrafiltration rates, more frequent episodes of intradialytic hypotension, failure to achieve dry weight, progressive extra-cellular volume (ECV) expansion, and finally, blood pressure (BP) increase.

Maximal suppression of renin-angiotensin system in nonproliferative glomerulonephritis.

Background: Elimination of residual proteinuria is the novel target in renoprotection; nevertheless, whether a greater suppression of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) effectively improves the antiproteinuric response in patients with moderate proteinuria remains ill-defined.

Methods: We evaluated the effects of maximizing RAS suppression on quantitative and qualitative proteinuria in ten patients with stable nonnephrotic proteinuria (2.55 +/- 0.

[Acute and chronic effects of standard hemodialysis and soft hemodiafiltration on interdialytic serum phosphate levels].

Introduction: The dialytic management of hyper-phosphoremia, which is inadequate because of insufficient intra-dialytic removal of phosphate (P), is further limited by PDR-P, i.e. the significant increase in serum P levels during the early postdialytic period.