Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Canadians living with and without cardiovascular disease.

Background: To describe and compare the proportion of adult Canadians living with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD) meeting the physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) recommendations from the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines using accelerometer and self-reported measures.

Methods: Using adult (aged 18-79 years) accelerometer data (Actical worn during waking hours for 7 consecutive days) as well as chronic condition, socio-demographic, recreational screen time, and PA questions from three combined cycles of the Canadian Health Measures Survey, the PA, SB, and CVD risk factors of adults living with and without CVD were compared.

Results: A total of 7,035 Canadian adults who reported living with (n=363) and without (n=6,672) CVD were included.

TracMyAir smartphone application for modeling exposures to PM and ozone - Integration with air quality networks and location-activity sensors.

Epidemiologic studies of ambient fine particulate matter (PM) and ozone (O) often use outdoor concentrations from central-site monitors or air quality model estimates as exposure surrogates, which can result in exposure errors. We previously developed an exposure model called TracMyAir, which is an iPhone application that determines seven tiers of individual-level exposure metrics for ambient PM and O using outdoor concentrations, home building characteristics, weather, time-activities. The exposure metrics with increasing information needs and complexity include: outdoor concentration (C, Tier 1), building infiltration factor (F, Tier 2), indoor concentration (C, Tier 3), time spent in microenvironments (ME) (T, Tier 4), personal exposure factor (F, Tier 5), exposure (E, Tier 6), and inhaled dose (D, Tier 7).

Drugs and drug targets for the treatment of HPV-positive cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer is primarily driven by persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) strains and remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where late-stage diagnoses is common. While vaccination and screening programs have reduced incidence rates, the need for novel and more effacacious and cost-effective therapeutic options is therefore critical especially for advanced cervical cancer. This review highlights several key advances in the understanding of HPV-induced carcinogenesis and the development of therapeutic strategies over the past five years.

Sex-based differences in CEACAM5 expression in lung cancer.

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) is expressed in 20-25% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and there is interest in CEACAM5 as a biomarker given its potential for blood-based detection and investigational study as a drug target. Increased expression of CEACAM5 has been observed in semi-solid lung adenocarcinoma lesions, which have an increased prevalence in women and never smokers. Given this association, sex-based differences in CEACAM5 were evaluated.