Effects of a new slow release formulation of caffeine on EEG, psychomotor and cognitive functions in sleep-deprived subjects.

Caffeine is a widely-consumed psychoactive substance whose stimulant effects on mood, attention and performance are largely recognised. The central nervous system pharmacodynamic profile of a single oral dose of a new slow release (SR) caffeine formulation (600 mg) was assessed in a randomised, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study. Twelve young, health, male, sleep-deprived (for 36 h) subjects were studied using EEG and various measures of psychomotor and cognitive functions, including critical flicker fusion (CFF), choice reaction task (CRT), tracking, continuous performance task (CPT), Stroop test, body sway and subjective evaluation (Stanford Sleepiness Scale).

Slow-release caffeine: a new response to the effects of a limited sleep deprivation.

Study Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the interest of the intake of a new galenic form of caffeine called "slow-release" caffeine (SR caffeine) during a decrease of vigilance due to a limited sleep deprivation.

Design: The controlled method used compared three doses of SR caffeine (150, 300 and 600 mg) with a placebo. Tests were performed 2, 9 and 13 hours after each treatment.

Absolute bioavailability and electroencephalographic effects of conventional and extended-release formulations of venlafaxine in healthy subjects.

Venlafaxine is currently marketed for treatment of depressive disorders as a conventional tablet formulation with a twice or three times daily dosage regimen. The absolute bioavailability of the conventional (CF) and extended-release (XR) formulations and their effects on electroencephalograms (EEG) and on a visual analog scale (VAS) for nausea were assessed in a randomized, double-blind, four-way crossover, placebo-controlled study of 16 healthy young men who were given either a single oral dose of 50 mg of CF venlafaxine, 75 mg of XR venlafaxine, or an intravenous dose of 10 mg of venlafaxine, or a placebo at 1-week intervals. The absolute bioavailability of venlafaxine was between 40% and 45% and was similar for both the CF and XR formulations.

Electrocorticographic evaluation of iobitridol, a nonionic contrast medium, during selective cerebral arteriography in rabbits.

Purpose: To study the effects of iobitridol, a nonionic contrast medium, on the electrocorticography and the blood-brain barrier structure in rabbits.

Methods: Iobitridol was compared with isoosmolar mannitol and isotonic saline after selective injection (2.5 mL per rabbit in 30 seconds) into the internal carotid artery in the rabbit (six per group).

Acute effects of irradiation on the rat brain: protection by glutamate blockade.

Riluzole (2-amino-6-trifluorothethoxy benzothiazole), dizocilpine (MK-801; (+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo(a,d)-cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate), and lamotrigine (3,5-diamino-6-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,2-triazine), agents reported to have neuroprotective actions, and WR2721 (S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)-ethylphosphorothioic acid), a radioprotector, were evaluated in 15-day-old rats that underwent a 2.5 Gray (Gy) irradiation from a cobalt 60 source. 20 min after irradiation, riluzole (0.