Allergy to deamidated gluten in patients tolerant to wheat: specific epitopes linked to deamidation.

Background: Gluten proteins can be modified by deamidation to enhance their solubility and technological applications. However, severe allergic reactions have been reported after the consumption of food products containing deamidated gluten (DG) in subjects tolerant to wheat. This work aimed to characterize allergen profiles for these patients in comparison with those of patients allergic to wheat and to identify IgE-binding epitopes.

Immunoglobulin-E-binding epitopes of wheat allergens in patients with food allergy to wheat and in mice experimentally sensitized to wheat proteins.

Background: At present, B cell epitopes involved in food allergy to wheat are known only for a few allergens and a few categories of patients.

Objective: To characterize the epitopes of different wheat kernel allergens: α-, γ, ω2, and ω5-gliadin, a low-molecular-weight (LMW) glutenin subunit, and a lipid transfer protein (LTP1) recognized by allergic patients and by sensitized mice and provide further understanding of the role of structure in determining allergic response.

Methods: Sera were obtained from 39 patients suffering from food allergy to wheat.

Evaluation of an in vitro mast cell degranulation test in the context of food allergy to wheat.

Background: Antigenic profiles obtained by ELISA with IgE from patients with wheat food allergy (WFA) established that major allergens are albumins/globulins (AG) for children suffering from atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS), omega5-gliadins for adults suffering from wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA), anaphylaxis or urticaria and low-molecular-weight (LMW) glutenin subunits for patients with anaphylaxis. We aimed to characterize a new mast cell transfectant for its ability to degranulate with wheat proteins and patient sera and compare these results to those obtained by ELISA.

Methods: Thirty sera from patients with WFA were tested: 14 with AEDS (group 1) and 16 with WDEIA, anaphylaxis or urticaria (group 2).

Intestinal translocation capabilities of wheat allergens using the Caco-2 cell line.

Because intestinal absorption of food protein can trigger an allergic reaction, the effect of wheat proteins on intestinal epithelial cell permeability was evaluated and the abilities of these proteins in native or pepsin-hydrolyzed state to cross the epithelial cell monolayer were compared. Enterocytic monolayers were established by culturing Caco-2 cells, a model of enterocytes, on permeable supports that separate the apical and basal compartments. Proteins were added into the apical compartment, and the transepithelial resistance (TER) was measured; proteins that crossed the cell monolayer were detected in the basal medium by ELISA.

In vivo model mimicking natural history of dog prostate cancer using DPC-1, a new canine prostate carcinoma cell line.

Background: Dog prostate cancer is usually considered to be highly relevant to human prostate cancer. We report the isolation of a new canine prostate cancer epithelial cell line designated DPC-1.

Methods: Primary cultures were established from a canine poorly differentiated prostatic adenocarcinoma.