Publications by authors named "S Tovanabutra"
Elimination of latent HIV-1 is a major goal of AIDS research but the host factors determining the size of these reservoirs are poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether differences in host gene expression modulate the size of the HIV-1 reservoir during suppressive ART. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from fourteen individuals initiating ART during acute infection who demonstrated effective viral suppression but varying magnitude of total HIV-1 DNA were characterized by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).
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- Nearly all transmitted HIV-1 cases are CCR5 (R5)-tropic, but this research identifies a case of CXCR4 (X4)-tropic HIV-1 in a participant from the RV217 cohort, highlighting its transmissibility.
- The X4 HIV-1 caused faster depletion of CD4 T cells compared to R5 infections, affecting naive and central memory CD4 subsets more severely, while showing resistance to certain broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs).
- This study suggests that X4-tropic HIV-1 can be transmitted among individuals with a normal CCR5 gene, indicating that the specific tropism of HIV-1 could influence its transmission potential and
Background: (MG) infection is a public health concern due to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Data are limited on repeat MG infection and AMR among US Air Force service members with HIV.
Methods: US Air Force service members seeking HIV care were screened for MG infection during the surveillance period (16 May 2016-16 March 2020).
The magnitude of the HIV-1 epidemic in Nigeria is second only to the subtype C epidemic in South Africa, yet the subtypes prevalent in Nigeria require further characterization. A panel of 50 subtype G and 18 CRF02_AG Nigerian HIV-1 pseudoviruses (PSV) was developed and envelope coreceptor usage, neutralization sensitivity and cross-clade reactivity were characterized. These PSV were neutralized by some antibodies targeting major neutralizing determinants, but potentially important differences were observed in specific sensitivities (eg.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA productive HIV-1 infection in humans is often established by transmission and propagation of a single transmitted/founder (T/F) virus, which then evolves into a complex mixture of variants during the lifetime of infection. An effective HIV-1 vaccine should elicit broad immune responses in order to block the entry of diverse T/F viruses. Currently, no such vaccine exists.
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