Exploring patient involvement in obstetrics and gynaecology education for medical students: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: It is important to incorporate the patient perspective into healthcare education, as we know that patients are experts in their own conditions. The expertise gained through lived experience serves to complement the theoretical knowledge that healthcare educators can provide. This scoping review aims to explore patient involvement in medical education within obstetrics and gynaecology, a specialty that can provide unique challenges and complexities to patient involvement due to its potentially highly sensitive and intimate nature.

The correlation of various features of rejection in myocardial biopsies after human heart transplantation.

1571 specimens taken at 493 occasions for endomyocardial biopsy in 30 selected heart transplant patients were reexamined in order to assess (a) the difference between conventional (steroid, azathioprine and antithymocyte globulin) and cyclosporine with low-dose steroid immunosuppression regimes, and (b) the relationship of myocardial rejection to endocardial infiltrates, the Quilty lesion, and changes in the small intramyocardial blood vessels. The incidence of all histological changes discussed were related to the severity of the myocardial rejection and therefore the endocardial and vascular changes may be used as adjuvants to make good any technical deficiencies in the myocardial part of the biopsy. Cyclosporine therapy is associated with the Quilty effect and with changes in small vessels.

Coronary arterial pathology in the transplanted human heart.

The coronary arteries of 23 transplanted human hearts have been studied following death or re-transplantation, 8 days to 8 years after surgery, with a view to defining the sequence of changes in the first months. Occlusive arteritis occurs in association with acute rejection. Intimal hyperplasia, usually accompanied by disruption of the internal elastic lamina and proliferation of smooth muscle cells, may be seen within two weeks.

Dose-response analysis of infants prenatally exposed to methyl mercury: an application of a single compartment model to single-strand hair analysis.

A new method of estimating fetal exposure is used in a dose-response analysis of data from the 1971 outbreak of methyl mercury poisoning in rural Iraq. An X-ray fluorescence instrument for the measurement of single strands of human hair was employed to obtain longitudinal profiles recapitulating fetal exposure. Logit and hockey-stick models as well as nonparametric smoothing are used to describe data on delayed development and central nervous system abnormality.

Fetal methylmercury poisoning. Relationship between concentration in single strands of maternal hair and child effects.

Pregnant women consumed bread that was prepared from methylmercury-treated wheat. Single strands of maternal head hair were analyzed by x-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The index of fetal exposure was the maximum hair mercury concentration during gestation.