Case Report: Encephalitis, with Brainstem Involvement, Following Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Metastatic Melanoma.

Unlabelled: Checkpoint inhibitors are increasingly being used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and other cancers. With the use of such therapies, autoimmune-mediated adverse events in the central and peripheral nervous system are likely to occur more frequently. We report a unique case of brainstem encephalitis with a sudden lethal outcome following ipilimumab and pembrolizumab therapy in a patient with malignant melanoma.

Developments in targeted therapy in melanoma.

Melanomas are disease entities driven in part by the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. The TCGA network recently defined four genetic subtypes based on the most prevalent significantly mutated genes, including mutant BRAF, mutant RAS (N/H/K), mutant NF1, and Triple wild-type melanoma (harboring none of the aforementioned mutations, but instead includes KIT, GNA and GNAQ mutations). The successful development of kinase inhibitors marked a milestone in the treatment of metastatic melanoma.

An exploratory study investigating the metabolic activity and local cytokine profile in patients with melanoma treated with pazopanib and paclitaxel.

Background: There is a medical need for new drugs in patients with BRAF wild-type metastatic melanoma. Pazopanib is a multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antitumour and antiangiogenic activity.

Objectives: The primary aim was to investigate the metabolic response to pazopanib monotherapy and pazopanib plus paclitaxel in patients with BRAF wild-type melanoma.