[Characterization of episodes of febrile neutropenia in children with acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

Introduction: Leukemia is the most common cancer in Chilean children. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is more prevalent and longer survival compared to acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Aims: To describe episodes of febrile neutropenia (FN) in children with AML, determining frequency of infections as agent, focus and evolution, comparing children with ALL episodes.

Prospective validation of a risk prediction model for severe sepsis in children with cancer and high-risk febrile neutropenia.

Background: We previously created a risk prediction model for severe sepsis not clinically apparent during the first 24 hours of hospitalization in children with high-risk febrile neutropenia (HRFN), which identified 3 variables, age ≥ 12 years, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 90 mg/L and interleukin-8 ≥ 300 pg/mL, evaluated at the time of admission and at 24 hours of hospitalization. The combination of these 3 variables identified a risk for severe sepsis ranging from 8% to 73% with a relative risk of 3.15 (95% confidence interval: 1.

[Seroprevalence of varicella-zoster virus in children with cancer in six hospitals in Santiago, Chile].

Unlabelled: Infections with varicella-zoster virus (VVZ) in immunocompromised children imply a high mortality. There is no data about VVZ seroprevalence in children with cancer in our country.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of VVZ antibodies in children with cancer who have undergone chemotherapy or have undergone a hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

[Cancer, febrile neutropenia and pulmonary images: Findings in bronchoalveolar lavage in children].

Introduction: Lung infections are a serious complication in children with cancer. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) has been demonstrated to be an effective procedure for achieving etiologic diagnosis.

Method: We did a retrospective analysis of BAL data performed between November 2005 and October 2008 in children with cancer, severe neutropenia and lung infiltrates for assessing its performance, clinical utility and safety.

[Bloodstream infections in children with cancer and high risk fever and neutropenia episodes in six hospitals of Santiago, Chile between 2004 and 2009].

Introduction: To determine the etiology of invasive bacterial infection in high risk febrile neutropenia (HRFN) episodes in children with cancer is essential because of the favorable impact on mortality of the early empiric antibiotic treatment.

Objective: To determine the etiology of bacteremia in pediatric patients with cancer and HRFN in the National Child Program of Antineoplastic Drugs during the 2004-2009 period, and compare these agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility with the period 1994-1998 described in a previous study.

Methods: The causative agents of bacteremia were prospectively recorded in patients less than 18 years of age receiving chemotherapy for cancer with HRFN and positive blood cultures admitted to one of the six hospitals from the Child Program of Antineoplastic Drugs network during the period 2004-2009.