Permissive central tolerance plus defective peripheral checkpoints licence pathogenic memory B cells in CASPR2-antibody encephalitis.

Autoimmunity affects 10% of the population. Within this umbrella, autoantibody-mediated diseases targeting one autoantigen provide a unique opportunity to comprehensively understand the developmental pathway of disease-causing B cells and autoantibodies. While such autoreactivities are believed to be generated during germinal centre reactions, the roles of earlier immune checkpoints in autoantigen-specific B cell tolerance are poorly understood.

Assessment of information quality in the largest Danish Facebook group on atopic diseases: a mixed bag of help and harm.

Background: Patient education is an important part of the management of atopic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and asthma. Given the increasing reliance on social media platforms such as Facebook for health-related discourse, there are concerns about the accuracy and quality of the shared information.

Aim: The aim of this study was to categorize and assess the quality of the information shared within the largest Danish Facebook group focusing on atopic diseases.

Lignin Molar Mass Estimation by Dispersion Analysis.

Lignin's complex and heterogeneous molecular structure poses significant challenges for accurate molar mass determination, which is important for its utilization in industrial applications, such as biochemicals, nanoparticles, biobased binders, and biofuels. This study evaluates the potential of Taylor Dispersion Analysis (TDA) for measuring lignin size and compares it with size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) NMR. Using dual Gaussian fitting, flow-induced dispersion analysis (FIDA), a TDA-based method, successfully determined the average hydrodynamic radii of multiple species in solvent-fractionated soda grass lignin samples, producing results consistent with DOSY.

EXtending Omalizumab Treatment Intervals in patients with Chronic spontaneous urticaria (EXOTIC): protocol of a multicentre, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial.

Introduction: Omalizumab, an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, is effective in treating antihistamine-refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). However, tapering strategies for omalizumab are currently not well-studied, and patients may be treated longer than needed. Here, we present the rationale and design of the EXtending Omalizumab Treatment Intervals in patients with Chronic spontaneous urticaria trial, a multicentre, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority clinical trial.