Effects of traditional swaddling on development: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Evidence of the effects of tight, prolonged binding of infants on development is inconclusive and based on small ethnographic studies. The null hypothesis was that Mongolian infants not swaddled or swaddled tightly in a traditional setting (to >7 months of age) do not have significantly different scores for the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition (BSID-II).

Patients And Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, 1279 healthy newborns in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, were allocated at birth to traditional swaddling or nonswaddling.

Underusers of mammogram screening: stage of adoption in five U.S. subpopulations. The NCI Breast Cancer Screening Consortium.

Background: The purpose of this report is to describe the characteristics of women ages 50 to 80 who do not follow commonly accepted mammography screening guidelines. It provides unique understanding of the robustness of characteristics of underusers across five different U.S.