Solvatochromism in Mixtures of Hydrogen Bond Acceptor (HBA) Solvents with Water.

The UV/Vis absorption energies ν of Reichardt's dye B30 with respect to E(30) and 4-nitroaniline (NA) are investigated as a function of the solvent composition N in co-solvent/water mixtures. N. is the average molar concentration of the solvent mixture at a given solvent fraction z.

Understanding Refractive Index Changes in Homologous Series of Unbranched Organic Compounds Based on Beer's Law.

Changes of the refractive index for homologous series of hydrocarbons are usually plotted versus the density. While there is a clear linear dependence for alkanes and alkenes, the linearity deteriorates for homologous series with functional groups involving heteroatoms. The slope can even become negative, e.

Cold Atmospheric Plasma Exerts Antimicrobial Effects in a 3D Skin Model of Cutaneous Candidiasis.

Cutaneous candidiasis is characterized by an overgrowth of leading to skin inflammation and infection. Similar to bacteria, can develop tolerance to common antifungal drugs. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), with its proven antimicrobial properties, offers a promising alternative to the prevailing methods.

Empirical Hydrogen Bonding Donor (HBD) Parameters of Organic Solvents Using Solvatochromic Probes - A Critical Evaluation.

The solvatochromicity of established solvatochromic UV/Vis probes, which appear to be sensitive to the so-called hydrogen bond donor (HBD) property of the solvent, is analysed using the hydroxyl group density of alcoholic solvents D as a physical parameter in comparison to the pKa, the chemical benchmark for acidity. Reichardt's dye B30, Kosowers Z-indicator 1-ethyl-4-(methoxycarbonyl) pyridinium iodide (K), Kamlet-Tafts α, Dragos S parameter, Catalans SA scale, the cis-dicyano-bis (1,10-phenanthroline) iron II complex (Schilt's Ferrocyphen dye, Fe) and Gutmann's acceptor number (AN) have been investigated. The observed dependencies of the empirical polarity parameters as a function of D for several alcoholic solvent families requires a ompletely new physicochemical understanding of these established HBD parameters.

The Global Polarity of Alcoholic Solvents and Water - Importance of the Collectively Acting Factors Density, Refractive Index and Hydrogen Bonding Forces.

The D quantity represents the hydroxyl group density of alcoholic solvents or water. D is purely physically defined by the product of molar concentration of the solvent (N) and the factor Σn=n×f which reflects the number n and position (f-factor) of the alcoholic OH groups per molecule. Whether the hydroxyl group is either primary, secondary or tertiary is taken into account by f.