Ferromagnetic order controlled by the magnetic interface of LaNiO/LaCaMnO superlattices.

Interface engineering in complex oxide superlattices is a growing field, enabling manipulation of the exceptional properties of these materials, and also providing access to new phases and emergent physical phenomena. Here we demonstrate how interfacial interactions can induce a complex charge and spin structure in a bulk paramagnetic material. We investigate a superlattice (SLs) consisting of paramagnetic LaNiO (LNO) and highly spin-polarized ferromagnetic LaCaMnO (LCMO), grown on SrTiO (001) substrate.

Ferromagnetism and Superconductivity in CaRuO/YBaCuO Heterostructures.

The deposition of a ferromagnetic layer can affect the properties of high-temperature superconductors underneath. We investigated the influence of ferromagnetic CaRuO on the properties of YBaCuO (YBCO) superconducting thin films when the layers are either in direct contact or separated by a barrier layer of 5 nm SrTiO. Detailed measurements of the magnetic moment of the superconductor and ferromagnet as a function of temperature and magnetic field have been performed using SQUID magnetometry.

Distribution of blackouts in the power grid and the Motter and Lai model.

Carreras, Dobson, and colleagues have studied empirical data on the sizes of the blackouts in real grids and modeled them with computer simulations using the direct current approximation. They have found that the resulting blackout sizes are distributed as a power law and suggested that this is because the grids are driven to the self-organized critical state. In contrast, more recent studies found that the distribution of cascades is bimodal resulting in either a very small blackout or a very large blackout, engulfing a finite fraction of the system.

The Route to Supercurrent Transparent Ferromagnetic Barriers in Superconducting Matrix.

A ferromagnetic barrier thinner than the coherence length in high-temperature superconductors is realized in the multilayers of YBaCuO and LaCaMnO. We used epitaxial growth of YBCO on ⟨110⟩ SrTiO substrates by pulsed laser deposition to prepare thin superconducting films with copper oxide planes oriented at an angle to the substrate surface. Subsequent deposition of LCMO and finally a second YBCO layer produces a superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor trilayer containing an ultrathin ferromagnetic barrier with sophisticated geometry at which the long axis of coherence length ovoid of YBCO is pointing across the LCMO ferromagnetic layer.

Enhancement of photocatalytic degradation of furfural and acetophenone in water media using nano-TiO-SiO deposited on cementitious materials.

In the present study, silicon dioxide (SiO) nanoparticles were loaded to titanium dioxide (TiO) nano-particles by sol-gel method to make a high porosity photocatalyst nano-hybrid. These photocatalysts were synthesized using titanium tetrachloride and tetraethyl orthosilicate as titanium and silicon sources, respectively, and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope methods. Subsequently, the optimizations of the component and operation conditions were investigated.