Loss of peri-Wolffian duct stromal Frs2α expression in mice leads to abnormal ureteric bud induction and vesicoureteral reflux.

Unlabelled: BackgroundFibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (Fgfr2) deletion from murine peri-Wolffian duct stroma (ST) results in aberrant ureteric bud induction, abnormal ureteral insertion into the bladder, and high rates of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). It is unclear which receptor docking protein(s) is/are responsible for Fgfr2 actions in these tissues. We investigated whether the docking protein, fibroblast receptor substrate 2α (Frs2α), had a role in peri-Wolffian duct ST similar to Fgfr2.

Programs to optimize adherence in glaucoma.

Purpose: This study was designed to raise awareness of the materials, devices, and Internet resources available to improve adherence to use of medications for the treatment of glaucoma and to review new devices under development.

Methods: A review of current indexed literature and Internet resources was conducted.

Results: A variety of educational brochures, pamphlets, and fact sheets promoting adherence to ocular hypotensive medications are available through multiple organizations and are easily accessed and ordered on the Internet.

A titrated morphine analgesic regimen comparing substance users and non-users with AIDS-related pain.

To compare morphine dosage and effectiveness in AIDS patients with/without prior substance use and pain, a prospective, open-label case series lasting 3-18 days was conducted in both outpatients and inpatients at major pain service teaching programs. Forty-four patients, 13 with prior drug use history, who had pain associated with HIV infection or its treatment were administered sustained-release morphine (SRM) every 12 hours. The dose was titrated to pain relief for a period of > or =3 consecutive days (associated with < or =2 immediate-release morphine tablets per 24 hours), or until the patient discontinued from the study or completed 18 study days.

Sustained-release morphine sulfate in the management of pain associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Sustained-release morphine (SRM) was studied in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related chronic pain. Outpatients and inpatients with AIDS-related pain were studied for 3-18 days in an open-label prospective survey. Patients were stratified according to prior opioid analgesic use for the purposes of initiating and titrating SRM, which was administered at a 12-hr interval.

Role of electrostatics in antibody-antigen association: anti-hen egg lysozyme/lysozyme complex (HyHEL-5/HEL).

A recently developed multigrid-based Newton method for solving the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann equation is applied in an investigation of molecular recognition in the system consisting of the monoclonal antibody HyHEL-5 and hen egg lysozyme. The electrostatic free energy of binding is calculated for the wild-type complex and various mutants in which electrostatic interactions between the two proteins are altered. Mutations which neutralize or reverse the charge of any of the residues involved in salt-links in the native system always yield decreased binding affinities.