Safety of 1 mcg/mL as the starting dose in cluster protocol for hymenoptera immunotherapy.

Background: Hymenoptera venom allergy is a potentially severe allergic reaction in the general population. The only preventative approach in these cases is venom immunotherapy (VIT), which follows different protocols. The recommended initial dose is 0.

The association Malnutrition-Inflammation Score with chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus and quality of life in hemodialysis patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Malnutrition is prevalent among hemodialysis patients, negatively impacting their quality of life (QoL) and chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP). This study investigates the association between the Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS) and CKD-aP, as well as QoL, in hemodialysis patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 479 HD patients (279 males and 200 females) referred to eight dialysis centers.

Association of plant and animal protein intake with sleep quality and quality of life in hemodialysis patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Background: The current study aimed to evaluate the association between the intake of plant-based protein, animal-based protein, total protein, and the ratio of plant to animal protein with sleep quality and quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 479 adult patients undergoing dialysis for a minimum of 3 months were included. The dietary intake was calculated using information from a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire.

Bioactive compound encapsulation: Characteristics, applications in food systems, and implications for human health.

Nanotechnology plays a pivotal role in food science, particularly in the nanoencapsulation of bioactive compounds, to enhance their stability, bioavailability, and therapeutic potential. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the encapsulation of bioactive compounds, emphasizing the characteristics, food applications, and implications for human health. This work offers a detailed comparison of polymers such as sodium alginate, gum Arabic, chitosan, cellulose, pectin, shellac, and xanthan gum, while also examining both conventional and emerging encapsulation techniques, including freeze-drying, spray-drying, extrusion, coacervation, and supercritical anti-solvent drying.

Assessing the components of water governance in Qom province within the framework of sustainable development.

One of the most important issues and challenges for Iran, particularly in hot and arid regions such as Qom province, is the current water crisis. Research has shown that good governance is directly linked to sustainable rural development. Therefore, the present study aims to design a water governance model in rural communities of Qom province to achieve sustainable rural development.