Role of GABA receptors of the dorsomedial periaqueductal grey on blood pressure and heart rate in the anesthetized rat.

The midbrain dorsomedial periaqueductal grey column (dmPAG) is involved in the regulation of cardiovascular responses. Due to the presence of Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors in the dmPAG, this study aimed to investigate the role of GABA receptors in the dmPAG on cardiovascular parameters and its possible peripheral mechanisms. The left femoral artery was cannulated, and systolic arterial pressure (SAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded using a Power lab system.

The role of nitric oxide in the dorsomedial periaqueductal gray (dmPAG) column in cardiovascular responses in urethane-anesthetized male rats.

Background: The dorsomedial periaqueductal gray (dmPAG) is a mesencephalic area and has numerous functions including cardiovascular regulation. Because nitric oxide (NO) is present in the dmPAG, here we investigate, the probable cardiovascular effect of NO in the dmPAG.

Methods: Five groups (n = 6 for each group) were used as follows: (1) control; (2) L-NAME (N -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, a NO synthase inhibitor, 90 nmol); (3) L-arginine (L-Arg, a precursor for NO, 60 nmol); (4) Sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor, 27 nmol); and (5) L-Arg + L-NAME.

Sensitivity of Four Various Candida Species to Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Indocyanine Green, an in vitro Study.

Statement Of The Problem: Various species of candida contribute to oral candidiasis. It is the time to shift from conventional rigid antimicrobial therapies to more patient specific and safer ones.

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate antifungal effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using Indocyanine green as photosensitizer and low-power laser irradiation on the viability of , , and , and to compare it with Nystatin as the conventional treatment.

Hemorrhagic Attitude in Frameless and Frame-Based Stereotactic Biopsy for Deep-Seated Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas in Immunocompetent Patients: A Multicentric Analysis of the Last Twenty Years.

Background: Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare manifestation of aggressive extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In patients with deep-seated lesions, stereotactic brain biopsy (SBB) is an accepted diagnostic procedure to obtain histopathologic confirmation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility, diagnostic yield, safety, and complications of stereotactic procedures in midline and deep-seated PCNSLs.