Evaluation of antifungal efficacy of albedo extract of on - An study.

Introduction: The study aims to investigate the antifungal efficacy of albedo extract of Punica grantum on candida albicans by evaluating the inhibitory capacity of alcoholic albedo extracts by disc diffusion method and by comparing the antifungal efficacy of alcoholic extract of albedo with clotrimazole and ethanol.

Methods: Using a conventional disc diffusion method, the effectiveness of Punica Granatum albedo extract against Candida albicans was assessed and evaluated depending on the presence or absence of inhibition zones, as well as the average diameter of inhibition zones. Albedo extract of Punica granatum serial dilutions were prepared ranging from 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% and its antifungal efficacy was tested against Candida albicans in comparison with clotrimazole and ethanol.

Updates on protein-prenylation and associated inherited retinopathies.

Membrane-anchored proteins play critical roles in cell signaling, cellular architecture, and membrane biology. Hydrophilic proteins are post-translationally modified by a diverse range of lipid molecules such as phospholipids, glycosylphosphatidylinositol, and isoprenes, which allows their partition and anchorage to the cell membrane. In this review article, we discuss the biochemical basis of isoprenoid synthesis, the mechanisms of isoprene conjugation to proteins, and the functions of prenylated proteins in the neural retina.

Mother's age at marriage and gender-differential in child schooling: Evidence from Pakistan.

In this study, we provide empirical evidence in support of intergenerational effects of women's marriage age on girl-specific child education outcomes using a nationally representative household survey of 24,809 households from Pakistan. Our key findings are four-fold: First, we find that mother's age at marriage has no girl-specific impact on the education of children of school going age in terms of school enrolment, type of school (public/private) or education expenditure. However, there is a positive effect of delaying mother's marriage on girls in terms of relative grade progression and primary school attainment, implying that late-marrying mothers are more likely to transfer their human capital advantages/disadvantages to the daughters.