Ultrasonic assisted synthesis of RGO supported HoVO-ZnO nanocomposites, their enhanced photocatalytic activities and Rhodamine B degradation.

The RGO-supported HoVO-ZnO nanocomposite was synthesized using the ultra sonication process. X-ray diffraction patterns, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, Diffractive Reflectance spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy were employed to examine the heterostructured photocatalyst in this research study. The photocatalytic efficiency of the RGO-supported HoVO-ZnO nanoparticles, under UV light irradiation, in the degradation of Rhodamine-B dye was investigated.

Role of temperature and co-infection in mediating the immune response of goldfish.

Aquatic Pathogens are expected to encounter tremendous levels of variation in their environment - both abiotic and biotic. Here we examined the change in innate immune parameters and mortality pattern of Carassius auratus during the interaction of co-infection due to an ectoparasite, Argulus and bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila, along with a temperature gradient. Experimental fish were assigned randomly to six treatment groups (T1-T6).

Dose-dependent co-infection of Argulus sp. and Aeromonas hydrophila in goldfish (Carassius auratus) modulates innate immune response and antioxidative stress enzymes.

Co-infection with parasites and bacteria is of frequent occurrence in aquaculture, leads to growth impedance otherwise mortality in fish depending on the varying degree of a load of primary pathogen either parasite or bacteria. The mechanistic regulation of immune response during co-infection in fish has merely documented. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of co-infection with Aeromonas hydrophila at three exposure doses of Argulus sp.