Advancing poliovirus eradication: lessons learned from piloting direct molecular detection of polioviruses in high-risk and priority geographies.

Unlabelled: In the Global Polio Laboratory Network (GPLN), poliovirus (PV) screening results from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance is based on virus isolation (VI) through cell culture, entailing long turnaround times and the amplification of live poliovirus. An alternative Direct Detection strategy (DD-ITD) for screening viral nucleic acid from stools, bypassing the need for virus culture, has been developed and extensively validated by GPLN partners. A multi-laboratory demonstration project was conceived to field-test the DD-ITD method by GPLN laboratories from the WHO African, Western Pacific, and Eastern Mediterranean regions, where wild serotype 1 or vaccine-derived polioviruses still circulate.

Update on Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Outbreaks - Worldwide, January 2023-June 2024.

Circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs) can emerge and lead to outbreaks of paralytic polio as well as asymptomatic transmission in communities with a high percentage of undervaccinated children. Using data from the World Health Organization Polio Information System and Global Polio Laboratory Network, this report describes global polio outbreaks due to cVDPVs during January 2023-June 2024 and updates previous reports. During the reporting period, 74 cVDPV outbreaks were detected in 39 countries or areas (countries), predominantly in Africa.

Computational imaging for rapid detection of grade-I cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD).

An early identification and subsequent management of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) grade 1 can delay progression into grades II and III. Machine learning algorithms have shown considerable promise in medical image interpretation automation. An experimental cross-sectional study aimed to develop an automated computer-aided diagnostic system based on AI (artificial intelligence) tools to detect grade 1-cSVD with improved accuracy.

Correction: Validation of a redesigned pan-poliovirus assay and real-time PCR platforms for the global poliovirus laboratory network.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Pediatric penetrating brain injuries with intact neurological function: Two case reports of a pencil and a toy wheel encounter.

Accidental injuries in the pediatric population are common. The response to injury also differs owing to anatomical and physiological differences in children. While such injuries carry a risk of lifelong morbidity, some cases may follow a benign course despite their distressing appearance.