The complexity of cancer requires a comprehensive approach to understand its diverse manifestations and underlying mechanisms. Initially outlined by Hanahan and Weinberg in 2000 and updated in 2010, the hallmarks of cancer provide a conceptual basis for understanding inherent variability in cancer biology. Recent expansions have further elucidated additional hallmarks, including phenotypic plasticity and senescent cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportant roles of humoral tumor immunity are often pointed out; however, precise profiles of dominant antigens and developmental mechanisms remain elusive. We systematically investigated the humoral antigens of dominant intratumor immunoglobulin clones found in human cancers. We found that approximately half of the corresponding antigens were restricted to strongly and densely negatively charged polymers, resulting in simultaneous reactivities of the antibodies to both densely sulfated glycosaminoglycans (dsGAGs) and nucleic acids (NAs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCombined knee injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), and medial meniscus were called "the unhappy triad" in the past. With recent advances in diagnostic technology, combined ACL, MCL, and lateral meniscus injuries are now known to be the predominant triad. We examined and verified the treatment outcomes of the triad of combined knee injuries from both patient-based subjective evaluation and objective assessments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: We investigated the clinical situation of fractures that occurred in patients in the severely disabled patients' ward of our hospital. The study aimed to identify risk factors for the occurrence of long bone fractures in the extremities, which pose problems in nursing care.
Methods: We retrospectively studied fractures that occurred between April 2015 and March 2021 among a total of 126 patients in the severely disabled patients' ward of our hospital.