Significant nocturnal wakefulness after sleep onset in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a multisystemic disease with a multifactorial pathogenesis involving dietary, environmental, and genetic factors. Previous mouse models suggested that circadian misalignment may additionally influence its development as it influences metabolism in diverse organs including the liver. Further, data from sleep questionnaires proved sleep-wake disruption in patients with MASLD.

From Rangelands to Cropland, Land-Use Change and Its Impact on Soil Organic Carbon Variables in a Peruvian Andean Highlands: A Machine Learning Modeling Approach.

Unlabelled: Andean highland soils contain significant quantities of soil organic carbon (SOC); however, more efforts still need to be made to understand the processes behind the accumulation and persistence of SOC and its fractions. This study modeled SOC variables-SOC, refractory SOC (RSOC), and the C isotope composition of SOC (δC)-using machine learning (ML) algorithms in the Central Andean Highlands of Peru, where grasslands and wetlands ("bofedales") dominate the landscape surrounded by Junin National Reserve. A total of 198 soil samples (0.

A cell-autonomous role for border-associated macrophages in ApoE4 neurovascular dysfunction and susceptibility to white matter injury.

Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4), the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease, is also a risk factor for microvascular pathologies leading to cognitive impairment, particularly subcortical white matter injury. These effects have been attributed to alterations in the regulation of the brain blood supply, but the cellular source of ApoE4 and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In mice expressing human ApoE3 or ApoE4, we report that border-associated macrophages (BAMs), myeloid cells closely apposed to neocortical microvessels, are both sources and effectors of ApoE4 mediating the neurovascular dysfunction through reactive oxygen species.

Genomics of natural populations: gene conversion events reveal selected genes within the inversions of Drosophila pseudoobscura.

When adaptive phenotypic variation or quantitative trait loci map within an inverted segment of a chromosome, researchers often despair because the suppression of crossing over will prevent the discovery of selective target genes that established the rearrangement. If an inversion polymorphism is old enough, then the accumulation of gene conversion tracts offers the promise that quantitative trait loci or selected loci within inversions can be mapped. The inversion polymorphism of Drosophila pseudoobscura is a model system to show that gene conversion analysis is a useful tool for mapping selected loci within inversions.

Cover crop residue decomposition triggered soil oxygen depletion and promoted nitrous oxide emissions.

Cover cropping is a promising strategy to improve soil health, but it may also trigger greenhouse gas emissions, especially nitrous oxide (NO). Beyond nitrogen (N) availability, cover crop residue decomposition may accelerate heterotrophic respiration to limit soil O availability, hence promote NO emissions from denitrification under sub-optimal water-filled pore space (WFPS) conditions that are typically not conducive to large NO production. We conducted a 21-day incubation experiment to examine the effects of contrasting cover crop residue (grass vs legume) decomposition on soil O and biogeochemical changes to influence NO and CO emissions from N labeled fertilized soils under 50% and 80% WFPS levels.