[The participation of salicylic and jasmonic acids in genetic and induced resistance of tomato to Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919)].

Salicylic (SA) and jasmonic (JA) acids are the best known mediators of signal systems in plants. In this investigation the participation and character of interactions between SA- and JA-signals under the induced and genetic resistance of plants to nematodes was investigated on the model system tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. This study demonstrates that application of JA and SA to tomato foliage induces systemic effects that suppress root-knot nematode infestation, inhibition of nematode reproduction, and also increased activity of LOX and PAL, the enzymes of biosynthesis of JA and SA.

[Involvement of salicylic acid in induction of nematode resistance in plants].

The role of salicylic acid (SA) as a possible signaling component in the case of the infection of plants with nematodes has been studied using a model system consisting of the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum (Mill.) and race 1 of the gall eelworm Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919; Chitwood, 1949). The pre-planting SA treatment of tomato seeds results in an increased nematode resistance of susceptible tomato cultivars; the protective effect is higher in the case of SA combined with chitosan, a biogenic elicitor of plant resistance.

[Steroid furostanol glycosides: a new class of natural adaptogenes (review)].

The present review summarizes experimental data revealed while studying the mechanism of the adaptogenic effect of furostanol glycosides (FG) extracted from Dioscorea deltoidea Wall cell culture under the conditions of biotic stress in tomato plants Lycopersicon esculenium Mill. induced by the gall nematode Meloidogyne incognita Kofoid et White. Comparison of changes in isoprene content (phytosterines, tomatin, and carotenoids) and in the rate of oxidative processes in the leaves and roots of intact and treated plants evidence that FG cause nonspecific defense reactions resulting in the formation of systemic acquired resistance.

[Genetic variability and differentiation of three Russian populations of yellow potato cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis as revealed by nuclear markers].

Genetic variability of yellow potato cyst nematode G. rostochiensis from three Russian populations (Karelia, Vladimir oblast, and Moscow oblast) was investigated using two types of nuclear markers. Using RAPD markers identified with the help of six random primers (P-29, OPA-10, OPT-14, OPA-11, OPB-11, and OPH-20), it was possible to distinguish Karelian population from the group consisting of the populations from two adjacent regions (Moscow oblast and Vladimir oblast).