Soluble Antigen (Ag)-Induced NETs Under Hypoxic Conditions Exert Cytotoxic Effects on Hepatic Cells In Vitro.

is a parasitic trematode that causes fasciolosis in sheep, provoking a decrease in their reproductive capacity, weight gain, meat and milk production, and wool quality. In the pathogenesis of , the penetration and migration of parasitic stages through the liver provoke intense inflammatory immune responses and tissue damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of -induced ovine NETs in exposed hepatocytes in vitro, and to analyze whether antigens (Ag) trigger the release of ovine NETs under hypoxic conditions as well as the roles of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and CD11b in this cellular process in vitro.

Andrographolide Ameliorates Inflammatory Changes Induced by D-Lactate in Bovine Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes.

During acute ruminal acidosis, the manifestation of aseptic polysynovitis and lameness in cattle has been observed. Evidence suggests that joint inflammation can be attributed to the metabolic alterations induced by D-lactate in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). We aimed to investigate whether andrographolide could mitigate the inflammation and metabolic alterations induced by D-lactate in bovine fibroblast-like synoviocytes (bFLSs).

d-lactate-induced ETosis in cattle polymorphonuclear leucocytes is dependent on the release of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and the PI3K/Akt/HIF-1 and GSK-3β pathways.

d-lactate is a metabolite originating from bacterial metabolism that accumulates as a result of dietary disturbances in cattle, leading to ruminal acidosis. d-lactate exerts functions as a metabolic signal inducing metabolic reprogramming and extracellular trap (ET) release in polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs). We previously demonstrated that d-lactate induces metabolic reprogramming via hypoxia-induced factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) stabilization in bovine fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs).

ATP Induces Interleukin-8, Intracellular Calcium Release, and ERK1/2 Phosphorylation in Bovine Endometrial Cells, Partially through P2Y Receptors.

The bovine endometrium has an important defensive role in the postpartum period that acts when an inflammatory process associated with tissue damage or infection by bacteria is produced. Endometrial cells release cytokines and chemokines that recruit inflammatory cells, which release danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and initiate and regulate the inflammatory response. However, the role of ATP in bovine endometrial cells is unclear.