Evaluating the feasibility, sensitivity, and specificity of next-generation molecular methods for pleural infection diagnosis.

Pleural infections are common and associated with substantial healthcare costs, morbidity, and mortality. Accurate diagnosis remains challenging due to low culture positivity rates, frequent polymicrobial involvement, and non-specific diagnostic biomarkers. Here, we undertook a prospective study examining the feasibility and performance of molecular methods for diagnosing suspected pleural infection.

The genetic demographic history of the last hunter-gatherer population of the Himalayas.

Nepal, largely covered by the Himalayan mountains, hosts indigenous populations with distinct linguistic, cultural, and genetic characteristics. Among these populations, the Raute, Nepal's last nomadic hunter-gatherers, offer a unique insight into the genetic and demographic history of Himalayan foragers. Despite strong cultural connections to other regional foragers, the genetic history of this population remains understudied.

Incidental finding of duplication of vas deferens in inguinal hernia: a case report of rare anomaly.

Duplication of the vas deferens is a rare congenital anomaly, with an incidence of ~0.05% in the general population. It is typically discovered incidentally during surgeries involving the spermatic cord, such as inguinal hernia repair.

Alcohol consumption, life history and extinction risk among Raute hunter-gatherers from Nepal.

Hunter-gatherer populations underwent a mass extinction in the Neolithic, and in present times face challenges such as explicit sedentarisation policies. An exception is in Nepal, where the nomadic Raute people receive monthly governmental individual payments. One consequence of the money transfers has been a significant increase in alcohol consumption, with nearly all individuals drinking industrially produced alcohol.