Brief Report: Genital Microbiome, Inflammation, and Tenofovir Levels in Transgender Men and Cisgender Women Taking Oral PrEP.

Background: Little is known about the efficacy of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) or what biologic factors may influence HIV transmission in transgender men (TGM). In this study, we sought to explore the effect of testosterone on the vaginal microbiome, cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) tenofovir concentrations, and levels of CVF inflammatory markers in TGM on PrEP.

Methods: Cervicovaginal fluid was collected from 13 TGM (7 using testosterone) and 32 cisgender women (CGW) on PrEP.

Viral and Immune Risk Factors of HIV Rebound after Interruption of Antiretroviral Therapy.

Background: Identifying risk factors for HIV rebound after treatment interruption is crucial for designing effective remission strategies.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from participants in the Zurich HIV Primary Infection Cohort (ZPHI, N=73) and ACTG study A5345 (N=44) were analyzed before ART interruption. We measured cell-associated HIV RNA, total HIV DNA, and proviral diversity (env gene).

Supporting delivery of remote pulmonary rehabilitation across different healthcare contexts: A multi-national study.

This study aimed to understand factors that health professionals, from a variety of healthcare contexts and countries, believed support remote delivery of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR); and to develop a targeted intervention to support implementation of remote PR. A 3-phase participatory action-research process was employed, across three study hubs in three countries (NZ, India, USA), representing diverse healthcare delivery contexts. Phase 1 employed focus groups of health professionals working in PR; data were analysed qualitatively with transcripts coded against two implementation frameworks (Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR)).

The first global landscape analysis of multiple sclerosis research funding.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated central nervous system disorder and a growing global health challenge affecting nearly 3 million people worldwide. Incidence and prevalence continue to increase with no known cause or cure. Globally governments and non-profit organizations fund research toward better understanding of and treatments for multiple sclerosis.