[The role of Ca2+ ions in a phage infection of Corynebacterium glutamicum].

It was shown that neither uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, nor lack of Ca2+ ions affected the normal MC-2 phage absorption on Corynebacterium glutamicum cells, while the phage development was repressed under these conditions. Simultaneous measurement of Ca2+, K+ and H+ ion flows, as well as measurement of membrane potential showed that the addition of the phage into the experimental medium led to significant depolarization of the membrane from -160 mV to -100 mV due to the penetration of Ca2+ ions into the cells followed by K+ and H+ efflux. The (Ca2+) to (K+ + H+) ratio was shown to be 1 : 1.

[The capacity of anaerobically grown bacteria to exchange the 2H+ of the cell for the K+ of the medium and to maintain a high K+ distribution between cell and medium].

The N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide sensitive exchange of 2H+ of a cell for K+ of medium stable to pH, K+ activity and temperature changes has been discovered in anaerobically grown gram-negative Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium. S. enteritidis, Proteus mirabilis, P.

[Biphasic energy-dependent potassium ion absorption by Escherichia coli cells].

The E. coli cells remove acid and accumulate potassium ions in two phases in the presence of glucose. The first phase (5-7 min) takes place only with an increase of external osmolarity; the second phase begins after 20 min and is not sensitive to alteration of the osmotic pressure.

[Proton-potassium exchange in Escherichia coli].

Energy-dependent proton--potassium exchange in E. coli is suppressed by both ionophores and the inhibitor of hydrogen pumps N,N'-dichlohexilcarbodimide (DCCD). The ratio of DCCD-sensitive fluxes of H+ and K+ is equal to 2:1 and does not depend upon the values of ionic fluxes, external pH, osmolarity and temperature.