TNF-α-induced E3 ligase, TRIM15 inhibits TNF-α-regulated NF-κB pathway by promoting turnover of K63 linked ubiquitination of TAK1.

Ubiquitin E3-ligases are recruited at different steps of TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation; however, their role in temporal regulation of the pathway remains elusive. The study systematically identified TRIMs as potential feedback regulators of the TNF-α-induced NF-κB pathway. We further observed that TRIM15 is "late" response TNF-α-induced gene and inhibits the TNF-α-induced NF-κB pathway in several human cell lines.

Rapid ELISA for the diagnosis of rotavirus.

Background & Objectives: Rotavirus is the major cause of gastroenteritis in infants and young children all over the world. The objective of the study was to develop a rapid ELISA for the diagnosis of rotavirus infection in children hospitalised with diarrhoea.

Methods: Immune serum was raised in rabbits by inoculating semipurified rotavirus, SA-11 strain.

In vitro antiviral activity of bael (Aegle marmelos Corr) upon human coxsackieviruses B1-B6.

The in-vitro antiviral activity of a series of compounds in samples extracted from various parts of the Indian holy tree, Bael (Aegle marmelos corr.) were evaluated for their efficacy against human coxsackieviruses B1-B6. The inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for leaves (L1 and L2) stem and stem bark (S1, S2, S3 and S4) fruit (F1 and F2micro) root and root bark (R1 and R2) and pure compound, the marmelide were 1000 microg/ml (for L1 and L2), 1000 microg/ml (for S1, S2, S3 and S4), 1000 microg/ml (for F1) and 500 microg/ml (for F2) 250 microg/ml (for R1) and 500 microg/ml (for R2) and 62.

A serological survey of arboviral diseases among the human population of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.

In an attempt to determine the prevalence of certain arthropod-borne viruses of public health importance amongst the human population of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India, 2,401 sera were collected from six major localities. The sera were analysed by the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and neutralization (N) tests, using Chikungunya (CHIK), Japanese encephalitis (JE), West Nile (WN), dengue (DEN-2), Langat (TP-21) and Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) viral antigens. The highest prevalence of HI antibodies was detected against KFD virus (22.

'In vitro' antiviral activity of neem (Azadirachta indica. A. Juss) leaf extract against group B coxsackieviruses.

The antiviral and virucidal effect of methanolic extract fraction of leaves of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) (NCL-11) was studied regarding its activity and possible mechanism of action against Coxsackie B group of viruses. NCL-11 inhibited plaque formation in 6 antigenic types of Coxsackie virus B at a concentration of 1000 micrograms/ml at 96 hrs.