Use of quantitative microbial risk assessment when investigating foodborne illness outbreaks: the example of a monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium 4,5,12:i:- outbreak implicating beef burgers.

A major community outbreak of salmonellosis occurred in France in October 2010. Classical epidemiological investigations led to the identification of beef burgers as the cause of the outbreak and the presence of the emerging monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium 4,5,12:i:-. The objective of this study was to understand the events that led to this large outbreak, that is to say, what are the contributing factors associated with consumer exposure to Salmonella.

Impact of -2 degrees C superchilling before refrigerated storage (4 and 8 degrees C) on the microbiological and sensory qualities of cold-smoked salmon.

Detection and enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes and total spoilage bacteria in 40 batches of cold-smoked salmon (one batch = 42 products from the same day of manufacture) straight from the factory were carried out. If L. monocytogenes was detected in at least one of the nine samples analyzed on receipt at the laboratory, 9 products of the same batch were stored for 10 days at 4 degrees C, which was followed by 18 days at 8 degrees C (control), 12 products were superchilled for 14 days at -2 degrees C, and 12 other products were superchilled for 28 days at -2 degrees C and then stored under the same conditions as the control was stored.

Dairy calcium supplementation in overweight or obese persons: its effect on markers of fat metabolism.

Background: Dairy calcium supplementation has been proposed to increase fat oxidation and to inhibit lipogenesis.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effects of calcium supplementation on markers of fat metabolism.

Design: In a placebo-controlled, crossover experiment, 10 overweight or obese subjects who were low calcium consumers received 800 mg dairy Ca/d for 5 wk.

Evaluation of an enumeration method for Listeria monocytogenes at low contamination levels in cold-smoked salmon.

For the enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes in cold-smoked salmon, a sensitive enumeration method, based on membrane filtration followed by transfer of the filter on a selective medium has been recently developed (Gnanou Besse et al., 2004, A contribution to the improvement of L. monocytogenes enumeration in cold-smoked salmon.

Prevalence and growth of Listeria monocytogenes in naturally contaminated cold-smoked salmon.

Aim: To investigate Listeria monocytogenes contamination and behaviour in naturally contaminated French cold-smoked salmon (CSS).

Method And Results: Between 2001 and 2004, L. monocytogenes was detected in 104 of 1010 CSS packs, produced by nine French plants, with different prevalence (from 0% to 41%).