Aplastic Anemia: Demographic and Clinical Characteristics in Costa Rica.

Background Aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare and heterogeneous hematological disorder defined as pancytopenia with hypocellular bone marrow in the absence of abnormal infiltration or medullary fibrosis. Various causes of AA have been identified, such as autoimmune factors, bone marrow injuries, viral infections, and genetic disorders. The symptoms of AA are directly linked to pancytopenia and the most common are fatigue, recurrent infections, and bleeding problems.

Multiple sclerosis in Central America and Caribbean countries: frequency and clinical characterization of an emergent disease.

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a common neurological disease among white populations of European origin. Frequencies among Latin Americans continue to be studied, however, epidemiologic, and clinical characterization studies lack from Central American and Caribbean countries. Ethnicity in these countries is uniformly similar with a prevalent Mestizo population.

First experience with a supercharged pedicled jejunal interposition for esophageal replacement after caustic ingestion in a middle-income Latin American country.

Caustic or corrosive substance ingestion that results in severe esophageal and gastric lacerations frequently requires surgical management. The most common sequelae after an upper gastrointestinal tract caustic injury include non-responding luminal strictures, which are subject to esophageal replacement. Late corrective surgery may include esophagectomy with gastric pull-up and jejunal or colonic interpositions.

Difference in mortality rates in hospitalized COVID-19 patients identified by cytokine profile clustering using a machine learning approach: An outcome prediction alternative.

COVID-19 is a disease caused by the novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causing an acute respiratory disease that can eventually lead to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). An exacerbated inflammatory response is characteristic of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which leads to a cytokine release syndrome also known as cytokine storm associated with the severity of the disease. Considering the importance of this event in the immunopathology of COVID-19, this study analyses cytokine levels of hospitalized patients to identify cytokine profiles associated with severity and mortality.