Exploiting Differential Signal Filtering (DSF) and Image Structure Filtering (ISF) Methods for Untargeted Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Bacterial Metabolites.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a label-free technique, producing images where pixels contain mass spectra. The technique allows the visualization of the spatial distribution of (bio)molecules from metabolites to proteins, on surfaces such as tissues sections or bacteria culture media. One particularly exciting example of MALDI-MSI use rests on its potential to localize ionized compounds produced during microbial interactions and chemical communication, offering a molecular snapshot of metabolomes at a given time.

Permanent makeup: A review of its technique, regulation, and complications.

Permanent makeup (PMU) is a popular form of tattooing used to replace or enhance the use of daily makeup. The purpose of this literature review is to provide an overview of PMU, with a particular focus on its use, regulation, and potential complications reported in the literature. In the United States, there is significant variation in the regulation and training required to perform PMU.

Identification of the pigments used in permanent makeup and their ability to elicit allergic contact dermatitis.

Background: Decorative tattoos are known to contain ingredients that may elicit allergic contact dermatitis; it is less well-known if permanent makeup pigments carry the same risk.

Objective: Identify pigments used in permanent makeup inks sold in the United States and review cases of allergic contact dermatitis to these pigments.

Methods: Using internet searches, permanent makeup inks sold in the United States were identified.