Effects of maize development and phenology on the field infestation dynamics of the European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae).

Phenological match/mismatch between cultivated plants and their pest could impact pest infestation dynamics in the field. To explore how such match/mismatch of plant and pest phenologies may interact with plant defense dynamics, we studied the infestation dynamics of maize by one of its main pests in Europe, the European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis; Lepidoptera: Crambidae). A two-year field experiment was carried out on a collection of 23 maize inbred lines contrasted for their earliness.

A new continental hydrogen play in Damara Belt (Namibia).

Serpentinization is commonly presented as the main source of natural hydrogen (H) in the continental domains. However, recent works in Australia and Brazil showed that Archean-Paleoproterozoic banded iron formations could be another natural source of H gas. Although the reaction that produces hydrogen is similar (Fe oxidation-HO reduction process), the iron content may be higher in banded iron formations than in mafic igneous lithologies, potentially generating H more efficiently.

Flux estimation, temporal trends and source determination of trace metal contamination in a major tributary of the Seine estuary, France.

Anthropogenic impacts on rivers have increased significantly over the past ~150 years, particularly at the beginning of the industrial revolution. Among other signs, this impact is manifested through the addition of trace metals and metalloid elements to rivers. The Eure River watershed in France covers an area of 6017 km and is a major tributary of the Seine estuary.

Pyrite sulfur isotopes reveal glacial-interglacial environmental changes.

The sulfur biogeochemical cycle plays a key role in regulating Earth's surface redox through diverse abiotic and biological reactions that have distinctive stable isotopic fractionations. As such, variations in the sulfur isotopic composition (δS) of sedimentary sulfate and sulfide phases over Earth history can be used to infer substantive changes to the Earth's surface environment, including the rise of atmospheric oxygen. Such inferences assume that individual δS records reflect temporal changes in the global sulfur cycle; this assumption may be well grounded for sulfate-bearing minerals but is less well established for pyrite-based records.