Death and survival of gut CD4 T cells following HIV-1 infection ex vivo.

The gastrointestinal tract is ground zero for the massive and sustained CD4 T cell depletion during acute HIV-1 infection. To date, the molecular mechanisms governing this fundamental pathogenic process remain unclear. HIV-1 infection in the gastrointestinal tract is associated with chronic inflammation due to a disrupted epithelial barrier that results in microbial translocation.

Multivariable Predictive Model of Postoperative Delirium in Cardiac Surgery Patients: Proteomic and Demographic Contributions.

Background: Delirium after cardiac surgery is common, morbid, and costly, but may be prevented with risk stratification and targeted intervention. In this study, we aimed to identify protein biomarkers and develop a predictive model for postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: SomaScan analysis of 1305 proteins in the plasma from 57 older adults undergoing cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass was conducted to define delirium-specific protein signatures at baseline (preoperative baseline timepoint [PREOP]) and postoperative day 2 (POD2).

A comprehensive scoping review of intergenerational dance programmes for cohorts with a generational gap.

Introduction: Loneliness and physical inactivity are issues that affect both young people and older adults. This can have negative health outcomes and well as high costs on health services. Physical activity can positively influence both physical and psychosocial health outcomes, however enjoyment is necessary for adherence.

Serum protein risk stratification score for diagnostic evaluation of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Background: Reliable, noninvasive tools to diagnose at-risk metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are urgently needed to improve management. We developed a risk stratification score incorporating proteomics-derived serum markers with clinical variables to identify high-risk patients with MASH (NAFLD activity score >4 and fibrosis score >2).

Methods: In this 3-phase proteomic study of biopsy-proven metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic fatty liver disease, we first developed a multi-protein predictor for discriminating NAFLD activity score >4 based on SOMAscan proteomics quantifying 1305 serum proteins from 57 US patients.

Spectral Pyrometry for Practical Temperature Measurement in the TEM.

Recent work in ultra-high temperature in situ electron microscopy has presented the need for accurate, contact-free temperature determination at the microscale. Optical measurement based on thermal radiation (pyrometry) is an attractive solution but can be difficult to perform correctly due to effects, such as emissivity and optical transmission, that must be accounted for. Here, we present a practical guide to calibrating and using a spectral pyrometry system, including example code, using a Czerny-Turner spectrometer attached to a transmission electron microscope.