Mouse strain-specific responses along the gut-brain axis upon fecal microbiota transplantation from children with autism.

Several factors are linked to the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD); however, the molecular mechanisms of the condition remain unknown. As intestinal problems and gut microbiota dysbiosis are associated with ASD development and severity, recent studies have focused on elucidating the microbiota-gut-brain axis' involvement. This study aims to explore mechanisms through which gut microbiota might influence ASD.

Use of Rgg quorum-sensing machinery to create an innovative recombinant protein expression system in .

holds promise as a chassis for producing and secreting heterologous proteins. Used for thousands of years to ferment milk, this species has generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status in the USA and qualified presumption of safety (QPS) status in Europe. In addition, it can be easily genetically modified thanks to its natural competence, and it secretes very few endogenous proteins, which means less downstream processing is needed to purify target proteins, reducing costs.

Indole induces anxiety-like behaviour in mice mediated by brainstem locus coeruleus activation.

The gut microbiota produces metabolites that enrich the host metabolome and play a part in host physiology, including brain functions. Yet the biological mediators of this gut-brain signal transduction remain largely unknown. In this study, the possible role of the gut microbiota metabolite indole, originating from tryptophan, was investigated.

Microbiota influence on behavior: Integrative analysis of serotonin metabolism and behavioral profile in germ-free mice.

Previous studies on germ-free (GF) animals have described altered anxiety-like and social behaviors together with dysregulations in brain serotonin (5-HT) metabolism. Alterations in circulating 5-HT levels and gut 5-HT metabolism have also been reported in GF mice. In this study, we conducted an integrative analysis of various behaviors as well as markers of 5-HT metabolism in the brain and along the GI tract of GF male mice compared with conventional (CV) ones.

Gut Microbiome Integration in Drug Discovery and Development of Small Molecules.

Human microbiomes, particularly in the gut, could have a major impact on the efficacy and toxicity of drugs. However, gut microbial metabolism is often neglected in the drug discovery and development process. Medicen, a Paris-based human health innovation cluster, has gathered more than 30 international leading experts from pharma, academia, biotech, clinical research organizations, and regulatory science to develop proposals to facilitate the integration of microbiome science into drug discovery and development.