Novel Somatostatin Receptor-4 Agonist SM-I-26 Mitigates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Gene Expression in Microglia.

Somatostatin receptor subtype 4 (SSTR4) is expressed in BV2 microglia, suggesting that SSTR4 agonists may impact microglia function. This study assessed the high-affinity SSTR4 agonist SM-I-26 (SMI) (0 nM, 10 nM, 1000 nM) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation (0, 10 or 100 ng/ml) over 6 or 24 h in BV2 microglia. Cell viability, nitrite output and mRNA expression changes of genes associated with our target (Sstr4), inflammation (Tnf-α, Il-6, Il-1β, inos), anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant actions (Il-10, Catalase), and mediators of Aβ binding/phagocytosis (Msr1, Cd33, Trem1, Trem2) were measured.

Diallel Analysis of Chilli Pepper ( L.) Genotypes for Morphological and Fruit Biochemical Traits.

Chilli pepper is commercially cultivated as a spice and is also used for the extraction of a colouring agent. Here, we performed a diallel genetic study involving five chilli pepper varieties. Parents and their hybrid were evaluated for fifteen morphological and five biochemical traits over two crop seasons under open field conditions.

Dose and frequency of anti-snake venom injection in treatment of Echis carinatus (saw-scaled viper) bite.

Objectives: To assess the adequacy of initial standard dose of 100 ml of polyvalent anti-snake venom (ASV) and subsequent doses of 50 ml in correcting coagulation dysfunction in cases of viperine bite and to find the incidence of recurrence of coagulation dysfunction. The other objective was to correlate total requirement of ASV with initial coagulation profile.

Methods: Forty two adult patients of Echis carinatus bite with features of systemic envenomation, admitted over a period of 18 months, were monitored every six hours with bed-side clotting time (CT) and were given an initial standard dose of 100 ml of ASV intravenously.

Correlation of renal status with hematologic profile in viperine bite.

Viper venom is mainly hemotoxic and causes coagulation disorders. One of the serious complications of viperine bite is renal failure. Forty adult cases of viper bite with systemic envenomation were studied for renal abnormality.