The diagnostic dilemma of adrenal vascular tumors: analysis of 21 cases and systematic review of the literature.

Purpose: Adrenal vascular tumors are mainly represented by adrenal cavernous hemangiomas (ACHs) and adrenal cystic lymphangiomas (ACLs). Their radiological features often overlap with malignant tumors, therefore ruling out malignancy becomes mandatory. We analyzed clinical, radiological, and histopathological data to identify specific characteristics of these tumors.

Senescent-like microglia limit remyelination through the senescence associated secretory phenotype.

The capacity to regenerate myelin in the central nervous system (CNS) diminishes with age. This decline is particularly evident in multiple sclerosis (MS), which has been suggested to exhibit features of accelerated biological aging. Whether cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, contributes to remyelination impairment remains unknown.

Longitudinal study of immunity to SARS-CoV2 in ocrelizumab-treated MS patients up to 2 years after COVID-19 vaccination.

Objectives: (1) To plot the trajectory of humoral and cellular immune responses to the primary (two-dose) COVID-19 mRNA series and the third/booster dose in B-cell-depleted multiple sclerosis (MS) patients up to 2 years post-vaccination; (2) to identify predictors of immune responses to vaccination; and (3) to assess the impact of intercurrent COVID-19 infections on SARS CoV-2-specific immunity.

Methods: Sixty ocrelizumab-treated MS patients were enrolled from NYU (New York) and University of Colorado (Anschutz) MS Centers. Samples were collected pre-vaccination, and then 4, 12, 24, and 48 weeks post-primary series, and 4, 12, 24, and 48 weeks post-booster.

Plasma IgG aggregates as biomarkers for multiple sclerosis.

We recently reported that multiple sclerosis (MS) plasma contains IgG aggregates and induces complement-dependent neuronal cytotoxicity (Zhou et al., 2023). Using ELISA, we report herein that plasma IgG levels in the aggregates can be used as biomarkers for MS.