Vitamin B12 deficiency in newborns: impact on individual's health status and healthcare costs.

Objectives: The identification of vitamin B12 (B12) deficiency in the newborn may prevent neurological damage and a delay in the normal growth. In this study we characterized the incidence of B12 deficiency in newborns, the costs associated to the clinical diagnosis and management, and the relevance to optimize the use of cobalamin biomarkers during treatment follow-up.

Methods: Starting from a continuous case series of 146,470 screened newborns (November, 1st 2021- December, 3rd 2023), the Regional Reference Laboratory for Neonatal Screening identified 87 newborns having altered levels of biomarkers of cobalamin metabolism measured by Newborn Screening.

Tattooing to reconstruct Nipple-Areola Complex after oncological breast surgery: a scoping review.

Purpose: The dermopigmentation of the Nipple-Areola Complex (NAC) is a safe non-surgical reconstruction technique that can restore psychophysical integrity, representing the final step after oncological surgery. This scoping review aims to identify and synthesize the literature focused on medical tattooing for NAC reconstruction in women who underwent breast reconstruction after cancer surgery. Competence and training, outcomes and organizational aspects were assessed as specific outcomes.

Newborn screening for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy in Italy: Diagnostic algorithm and disease monitoring.

Introduction: X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is the most common inherited peroxisomal disorder caused by variants in the gene. The main phenotypes observed in men with X-ALD are primary adrenal insufficiency, adrenomyeloneuropathy, and cerebral ALD (cALD). Cerebral ALD consists of a demyelinating progressive cerebral white matter (WM) disease associated with rapid clinical decline and is fatal if left untreated.

Monocyte count in schizophrenia and related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Increasing evidence suggests that immunological and inflammatory dysfunctions may play an important role in predisposition, onset, and progression of schizophrenia and related psychosis. The activation of cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system, especially microglia and monocytes, has been reported in schizophrenia. We carried out this systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate if there are significant differences in monocyte count comparing healthy controls with people suffering from schizophrenia and related disorders.