Protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis for risk factors for lung cancer in individuals with lung nodules identified by low-dose CT screening.

Background: Worldwide, lung cancer (LC) is the second most frequent cancer and the leading cause of cancer related mortality. Low-dose CT (LDCT) screening reduced LC mortality by 20-24% in randomised trials of high-risk populations. A significant proportion of those screened have nodules detected that are found to be benign.

Prolonged persistence of mutagenic DNA lesions in somatic cells.

DNA is subject to continual damage, leaving each cell with thousands of individual DNA lesions at any given moment. The efficiency of DNA repair means that most known classes of lesion have a half-life of minutes to hours, but the extent to which DNA damage can persist for longer durations remains unknown. Here, using high-resolution phylogenetic trees from 89 donors, we identified mutations arising from 818 DNA lesions that persisted across multiple cell cycles in normal human stem cells from blood, liver and bronchial epithelium.

Prospective Evaluation of Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility Criteria and Lung Cancer Detection in the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial.

Introduction: Low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer reduces lung cancer mortality, but there is a lack of international consensus regarding the optimal eligibility criteria for screening. The Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial was designed to evaluate lung cancer screening (LCS) implementation, and a primary objective was prospective evaluation of three predefined eligibility criteria.

Methods: Individuals who had ever smoked, aged 55 to 80 years, who responded to written invitation, underwent telephone risk assessment and if eligible by at least one criterion (PLCO ≥ 1.