CXCR4: From Signaling to Clinical Applications in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

There are several well-described molecular mechanisms that influence cell growth and are related to the development of cancer. Chemokines constitute a fundamental element that is not only involved in local growth but also affects angiogenesis, tumor spread, and metastatic disease. Among them, the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) and its specific receptor the chemokine C-X-C motif receptor 4 (CXCR4) have been widely studied.

Radio theranostics in paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas.

This continuing education aims to present in a clear and easy-to-understand manner the biology of paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas (PPGLs), the functional imaging studies available for their diagnosis and therapeutic planning, the requirements necessary to administer radioligand therapy (RLT) and the characteristics of these treatments (inclusion criteria, administration protocols, adverse effects and future perspectives). In this pathology we have two RLT options: [I]MIBG and [Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE. The indication for treatment is determined by the expression of its therapeutic target in functional imaging studies, allowing precision and personalized medicine.

Same-day comparative protocol PET/CT-PET/MRI [ Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC in paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas: an approach to personalized medicine.

Background: PET/MRI is an emerging imaging modality which enables the evaluation and quantification of biochemical processes in tissues, complemented with accurate anatomical information and low radiation exposure. In the framework of theragnosis, PET/MRI is of special interest due to its ability to delineate small lesions, adequately quantify them, and therefore to plan targeted therapies. The aim of this study was to validate the diagnostic performance of [ Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/MRI compared to PET/CT in advanced disease paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas (PGGLs) to assess in which clinical settings, PET/MRI may have a greater diagnostic yield.

Response to targeted radionuclide therapy with [I]MIBG AND [Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE according to adrenal vs. extra-adrenal primary location in metastatic paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas: A systematic review.

Purpose: Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) with [I]MIBG and [Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE is an alternative treatment to the classic schemes in slow progressive metastatic/inoperable paraganglioma (PGL) and pheochromocytoma (PHEO). There is no consensus on which treatment to administer and/or the best sequence in patients who are candidates for both therapies. To clarify these questions, this systematic review assesses the prognostic value of [I]MIBG and Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE (PRRT-Lu) treatments in terms of progression-free survival (PFS) both globally and considering the primary location.