Influence of non-equilibrium and nonlinear sorption of Cs in soils. Study with stirred flow-through reactor experiments and quantification with a nonlinear equilibrium-kinetic model.

This paper addresses the modelling of cesium sorption in non-equilibrium and nonlinear conditions with a two-site model. Compared to the classical K approach, the proposed model better reproduced the breakthrough curves observed during continuous-flow stirred tank reactor experiments conducted on two contrasted soils. Fitted parameters suggested contrasted conditions of cesium sorption between 1) equilibrium sites, with low affinity and high sorption capacity comparable to CEC and 2) non-equilibrium sites, with a fast sorption rate (half-time of 0.

Cesium transfer to millet and mustard as a function of Cs availability in soils.

Cs is one of the most persistent radioactive contaminants in soil after a nuclear accident. It can be taken up by plants and enter the human food chain generating a potential human health hazard. Although a large amount of literature has highlighted the role of the different processes involved in Cs uptake by plants, there is still no simple way to predict its transfer for a specific plant from a particular soil.

Efficiency of dihydroxamic and trihydroxamic siderochelates to extract uranium and plutonium from contaminated soils.

Actinide-based mineral phases occurring in contaminated soils can be solubilized by organic chelators excreted by plants, such as citrate. Herein, the efficiency of citrate towards U and Pu extraction is compared to that of siderophores, whose primary function is the acquisition of iron(III) as an essential nutrient and growth factor for many soil microorganisms. To that end, we selected desferrioxamine B (DFB) as an emblematic bacterial trishydroxamic siderophore and a synthetic analog, abbreviated (L)H, of the tetradentate rhodotorulic acid (RA) produced by yeasts.

Use of fish otoliths as a temporal biomarker of field uranium exposure.

This study aimed to determine uranium (U) pollution over time using otoliths as a marker of fish U contamination. Experiments were performed in field contamination (~20 μg L: encaged fish: 15d, 50d and collected wild fish) and in laboratory exposure conditions (20 and 250 μg L, 20d). We reported the U seasonal concentrations in field waterborne exposed roach fish (Rutilus rutilus), in organs and otoliths.

Uranium transfer and accumulation in organs of Danio rerio after waterborne exposure alone or combined with diet-borne exposure.

Uranium (U) toxicity patterns for fish have been mainly determined under laboratory-controlled waterborne exposure conditions. Because fish can take up metals from water and diet under in situ exposure conditions, a waterborne U exposure experiment (20 μg L , 20 d) was conducted in the laboratory to investigate transfer efficiency and target organ distribution in zebrafish Danio rerio compared with combined waterborne exposure (20 μg L ) and diet-borne exposure (10.7 μg g ).