[Not Available].

The bioethics law of 2 August 2021 opened up MAP to couples of women, thus enabling a child to have two women as parents and overturning the law of filiation. The legislator has created a new tool for establishing filiation by blood, the joint recognition. Despite its name, this joint recognition only applies to the woman who has not given birth, creating unequal filiation between the two women, and does not fit easily into the common law of filiation by blood.

[Not Available].

The bioethics law of 2 August 2021 opened up MAP to couples of women, thus enabling a child to have two women as parents and overturning the law of filiation. The legislator has created a new tool for establishing filiation by blood, the joint recognition. Despite its name, this joint recognition only applies to the woman who has not given birth, creating unequal filiation between the two women, and does not fit easily into the common law of filiation by blood.

[Patient's consent to the medical act].

The right to consent has become over time a fundamental right in both French and international law. Even if it is not formalized, the patient's consent is now required for each medical act. Moreover, it is always revocable.