Two decades of bacterial ecology and evolution in a freshwater lake.

Ecology and evolution are considered distinct processes that interact on contemporary time scales in microbiomes. Here, to observe these processes in a natural system, we collected a two-decade, 471-metagenome time series from Lake Mendota (Wisconsin, USA). We assembled 2,855 species-representative genomes and found that genomic change was common and frequent.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Signal Peptide Peptidase-Like 2b (SPPL2b) is relevant for AD, being a brain-specific intramembrane protein involved in the cleavage of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related proteins, such as BRI2, inflammatory-related proteins like CD74, TNFalpha, and Clec7a, and synaptic proteins Neuregulin-1 and VAMP 1-4. SPPL2b is specifically expressed in the hippocampus and cortex. The cleavage of TNFalpha by SPPL2b promotes the inflammatory pathway.

Distinct gut microbial signature and altered short chain fatty acid metabolism at disease onset in a rat preclinical model of superimposed preeclampsia.

Chronic hypertension is an increasingly prevalent condition that constitutes a risk factor for superimposed preeclampsia during pregnancy. In this study, we assessed the gut microbiome in a rat model of superimposed preeclampsia to characterize the microbial signature associated with defective placentation processes identified at the preclinical disease stage. The blood pressure profile, renal function parameters and fetal phenotype were evaluated in pregnant Stroke-prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRSP) and their normotensive controls.