A new database to guide reference material selection for dietary supplement and nutrition science.

Rigorous research on the health effects of dietary supplements and related nutritional interventions requires thorough chemical characterization of complex matrices for their composition of macro- and micronutrients, botanical phytochemicals, and potential contaminants. Reference materials (RMs) with metrologically traceable values for these specific properties are ideal analytical tools to ensure requisite chemical measurements are reliable. However, identifying and comparing appropriate RMs for studying dietary ingredients and their metabolites is challenging, creating a barrier to reproducible regulatory testing and research.

Commutability assessment of new standard reference materials (SRMs) for determining serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D using ligand binding and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assays.

Commutability is where the measurement response for a reference material (RM) is the same as for an individual patient sample with the same concentration of analyte measured using two or more measurement systems. Assessment of commutability is essential when the RM is used in a calibration hierarchy or to ensure that clinical measurements are comparable across different measurement procedures and at different times. The commutability of three new Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) for determining serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], defined as the sum of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], was assessed through an interlaboratory study.

Pharmacokinetic and Metabolomic Studies with BBT-059 in Nonhuman Primates Exposed to Total-Body Gamma Radiation.

BBT-059 is a long-acting PEGylated interleukin-11 analog that has been shown to have hematopoiesis-promoting and anti-apoptotic attributes, and is being studied as a radiation countermeasure for the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS). This potential countermeasure has been demonstrated to enhance survival in irradiated mice. To investigate the toxicity and safety profile of this agent, 14 nonhuman primates (NHPs, rhesus macaques) were administered two different doses of BBT-059 subcutaneously 24 h after 4 Gy total-body irradiation and were monitored for the next 60 days postirradiation.

Particulate hexavalent chromium exposure induces DNA double-strand breaks and inhibits homologous recombination repair in rat and human lung tissues.

Lung cancer is an important human health concern because of its high mortality rate, with many cases caused by environmental chemicals other than tobacco. Particulate hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a well-established human lung carcinogen, but how Cr(VI) induces lung cancer is poorly understood. Chromosome instability, a hallmark of lung cancer, is considered a major driving factor in Cr(VI)-induced lung cancer.

Cross-species conserved miRNA as biomarker of radiation injury over a wide dose range using nonhuman primate model.

Multiple accidents in nuclear power plants and the growing concerns about the misuse of radiation exposure in warfare have called for the rapid determination of absorbed radiation doses (RDs). The latest findings about circulating microRNA (miRNAs) using several animal models revealed considerable promises, although translating this knowledge to clinics remains a major challenge. To address this issue, we randomly divided 36 nonhuman primates (NHPs) into six groups and exposed these groups to six different radiation doses ranging from 6.