[Oxidative stress in platelets at an oncopathology].

To determine the biochemical disorders in the blood coagulation mechanism associated with oxidative stress parameters of the antioxidant status were examined in platelets of 57 colorectal cancer patients, (including 21 patients before and after surgery), and 40 healthy individuals. We determined the total content of nitric oxide (NOx), levels of superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD), glutathione and malondialdehyde (MDA). Before treatment, we observed the changes in the antioxidant defense system of platelets, which did not depend on the prevalence of malignancy: elevated levels of SOD by 16% (p<0.

[Selenium and oxidative stress in cancer patients].

In order to identify the features of violations of free-radical processes in blood serum of 94 untreated cancer patients with different localization of the tumor (cancer of the stomach, colon, breast, ovarian, hemoblastoses) were determined selenium levels and indicators of oxidative stress (sum of metabolites of nitrogen--NOx, the level of superoxide dismutase--Cu/ZnSOD and malondiialdehyde-MDA, and the activity of catalase). In addition, 40 patients with malignant liver disease and clinical signs of liver failure in the early postoperative period was carried out a comparative evaluation of the efficacy of selenium-containing drug "Selenaze" (sodium selenite pentahydrate). It was found that selenium levels in cancer patients by 25-30% below the norm of 110-120 mg/l at a rate of 73.

[The clinical value of D-dimer in the diagnosis and treatment of thromboembolic complications and DIC syndrome in cancer patients].

The content of D-dimer was studied in 130 patients with cancer at various sites. Twenty-five patients were diagnosed as having pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), 30 had venous thromboses, and 35 patients had acute and subacute disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) syndrome. A control group included 40 patients without thrombotic complications.

[Possibilities of immune prevention of pyo-septic complications in cancer patients by granulocytic colony stimulating factors].

The study was carried out during the postoperative period in 75 patients with cancer of the esophagus and cardial portion of the stomach and 40 patients with lung cancer; 64 of these patients received immunoprophylactic treatment with neipogen, granulocytic colony-stimulating factor. Immune prevention resulted in a 2-fold decrease in the incidence and severity of pyoseptic and visceral complications and 1.5 times decrease in the duration of hospital treatment and mortality during the early postoperative period.

[Hemostasis disorders in cancer patients with massive intraoperative blood loss].

The hemostasis system was examined before, during, and after surgery in 130 patients with blood loss from 50 to more than 200% total circulatory volume. Blood loss caused deep changes in the hemostasis system, presenting as acute and subacute syndrome of different hypocoagulation degree in parallel with fibrinolysis activation of different intensity, or as hemodilution coagulopathy, or combination of both. Laboratory signs of acute DIC syndrome anticipate its clinical manifestation, which allows rapid correction of the detected disorders and prevention of severe hemorrhages.