Respiratory Virus Vaccines: Pathways to Recommendations and Enhanced Coverage for At-Risk Populations.

While marked differences exist between influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is substantial overlap in the vulnerability of populations most at risk for severe disease following infection, chief among them being advanced age, multiple comorbidities, and immunocompromise. Vaccination is an established and effective preventative strategy to protect against respiratory viral infections (RVIs), reducing morbidity and mortality, minimizing the potential for long-term complications, and mitigating exacerbation of existing health conditions. Despite the demonstrated benefits of immunization throughout the life course and recommendations by health authorities, coverage rates of at-risk populations against vaccine-preventable diseases remain suboptimal and vary considerably by country and demographic strata.

Impact of dementia and mild cognitive impairment on bone health in older people.

Mild cognitive impairment, dementia and osteoporosis are common diseases of ageing and, with the increasingly ageing global population, are increasing in prevalence. These conditions are closely associated, with shared risk factors, common underlying biological mechanisms and potential direct causal pathways. In this review, the epidemiological and mechanistic links between mild cognitive impairment, dementia and skeletal health are explored.

Vaccination Against Respiratory Infections in the Immunosenescent Elderly: challenges and opportunities.

Respiratory infections are associated with a huge burden of disease every year, and disproportionately affect older adults, namely those aged 65 years and older. Older adults are at increased risk of infections compared to their younger counterparts, and once infected, have a higher risk of experiencing severe disease course, complications and long-term sequelae. Therefore, vaccination is clearly a key strategy to prevent infection and its attendant negative consequences.

RSV vaccination as the optimal prevention strategy for older adults.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a respiratory virus that usually causes mild upper respiratory tract symptoms. However, it can lead to a severe lower respiratory tract disease in high-risk populations, with severe complications such as pneumonia and respiratory failure. RSV poses a significant public health threat not only to children, but also to adults, particularly those over 75 years of age and individuals with comorbidities.

Harmonizing Dietary Exposure of Adult and Older Individuals: A Methodological Work of the Collaborative PROMED-COG Pooled Cohorts Study.

The PROtein-enriched MEDiterranean diet to combat undernutrition and promote healthy neuroCOGnitive ageing in older adults (PROMED-COG) is a European project that investigates the role of nutritional status on neurocognitive ageing. This methodological paper describes the harmonization process of dietary data from four Italian observational studies (Pro.V.