SON-1010: an albumin-binding IL-12 fusion protein that improves cytokine half-life, targets tumors, and enhances therapeutic efficacy.

Background: Cytokines have been promising cancer immunotherapeutics for decades, yet only two are licensed to date. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a potent regulator of cell-mediated immunity that activates NK cells and interferon-γ (IFNγ) production. It plays a central role in multiple pathways that can enhance cancer cell death and modify the tumor microenvironment (TME).

A phase I trial of SON-1010, a tumor-targeted, interleukin-12-linked, albumin-binding cytokine, shows favorable pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety in healthy volunteers.

Background: The benefits of recombinant interleukin-12 (rIL-12) as a multifunctional cytokine and potential immunotherapy for cancer have been sought for decades based on its efficacy in multiple mouse models. Unexpected toxicity in the first phase 2 study required careful attention to revised dosing strategies. Despite some signs of efficacy since then, most rIL-12 clinical trials have encountered hurdles such as short terminal elimination half-life (T), limited tumor microenvironment targeting, and substantial systemic toxicity.

SON-1210 - a novel bifunctional IL-12 / IL-15 fusion protein that improves cytokine half-life, targets tumors, and enhances therapeutic efficacy.

Background: The potential synergy between interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-15 holds promise for more effective solid tumor immunotherapy. Nevertheless, previous clinical trials involving therapeutic cytokines have encountered obstacles such as short pharmacokinetics, limited tumor microenvironment (TME) targeting, and substantial systemic toxicity.

Methods: To address these challenges, we fused single-chain human IL-12 and native human IL-15 in onto a fully human albumin binding (FAB) domain single-chain antibody fragment (scFv).

Developing faculty EdTech instructional decision-making competence with principles for the integration of EdTech.

Future success for online teaching can be described in terms of competencies, the knowledge, skills, and affect and motivation that as component parts undergird successful performance, or in terms of competence, the behaviors that demonstrate ability to perform in an online setting. Either framing could aid higher education to consider how to foster online teaching excellence. Yet, considering this dichotomy instead as a continuum emphasizes a fruitful point in between to target for faculty professional learning.