Assay variables and early clinical evaluation of low-angle light scattering for platelet function analysis.

Introduction: The recently developed platelet aggregation technique based on low-angle light scattering (LaSca) in diluted platelet-rich plasma (PRP) requires only a small sample volume and provides information about platelet aggregation and shape change. This study aimed to investigate the influence of preanalytical and analytical variables and to validate the method in a real-life pediatric hematology hospital setting.

Methods: Platelet aggregation was induced by ADP in diluted PRP in the presence of 2 mM calcium at 23 °C.

Light induces a rapid increase in cAMP and activates PKA in rod outer segments of the frog retina.

The phototransduction cascade enables the photoreceptor to detect light over a wide range of intensities without saturation. The main second messenger of the cascade is cGMP and the primary regulatory mechanism is calcium feedback. However, some experimental data suggest that cAMP may also play a role in regulating the phototransduction cascade, but this would require changes in cAMP on a time scale of seconds.

Chloride Gradient Is Involved in Ammonium Influx in Human Erythrocytes.

The ammonia/ammonium (NH/NH, AM) concentration in human erythrocytes (RBCs) is significantly higher than in plasma. Two main possible mechanisms for AM transport, including simple and facilitated diffusion, are described; however, the driving force for AM transport is not yet fully characterized. Since the erythroid ammonium channel RhAG forms a structural unit with anion exchanger 1 (eAE1) within the ankyrin core complex, we hypothesized the involvement of eAE1 in AM transport.

Antiplatelet Effects of Flavonoid Aglycones Are Mediated by Activation of Cyclic Nucleotide-Dependent Protein Kinases.

Flavonoid aglycones are secondary plant metabolites that exhibit a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiplatelet effects. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying their inhibitory effect on platelet activation remain poorly understood. In this study, we applied flow cytometry to analyze the effects of six flavonoid aglycones (luteolin, myricetin, quercetin, eriodictyol, kaempferol, and apigenin) on platelet activation, phosphatidylserine externalization, formation of reactive oxygen species, and intracellular esterase activity.

ROS formation, mitochondrial potential and osmotic stability of the lamprey red blood cells: effect of adrenergic stimulation and hypoosmotic stress.

Semi-anadromous animals experience salinity fluctuations during their life-span period. Alterations of environmental conditions induce stress response where catecholamines (CA) play a central role. Physiological stress and changes in external and internal osmolarity are frequently associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).